Joint.



J. A. GABEL.

JOINT.

APPLIGATION'PILBD APR.9,191&

1,1 10,621 Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. A. GABEL.

` JOINT.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 9. 1912.

l l l 0,62 l Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

M5729( @6x9 (a5: L( 1 Hz" /f ((11 WMM eww. U w/@fg nimeer.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- l 'JOSEPH A. anni., or yemnnulrs, WASHINGTN.

.roIN'n i Specification ofLetters Patent. .application naa apra s, 1912. serial No. 689,534.

Patented Sept. 15, 1914:.

' To all lwiz-om it may concern tween the'stile and rail and lby t e sainel means to prevent splitting of such corners, this joint eing invisible when the door is in place. g y

. vThe improvements are shown 1n the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 1s a perspective view of one formv l of joint; Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig'. 1 showing, however an additional op ositely inclined pin; Fig. 3 is a modified orm of joint; Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of another modification; Fig. 6 is, except of an additional oppositely inclined pin, a lan view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an end elevation of Fig. 5. Fig. 8'

is a perspective view of still another modification; Fig. 9 is an end elevation of Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is a perspective view of still another modification. i

Referring to Fig. 1: a tenon 2, preferably' a blind tenon" integral with therail 3, fits into a mortise in the stile 4'. A fastening pin 5 extends diagonallythrough the tenori 2, and serves, not only to anchor the tenen so that the stile and rail cannot separate, but also to prevent the stile from splitting, or to hold the parts together even if splitting should occur. This pin 5 has a double inclination, as shownJ in Fig. 2, that is, it is inclined to both the vertical and horizontal planes, thus preventing splitting 'of the stile either across from face to. face or from edge to edge. This pin may incline either h'om a to I) or from c to d to accomplish this purpose. A similar construction is shown in Figs. 3 and 4, except that the pin 5-is inclined transversely only.

In Fig. 5 is shown a construction in which dowel pins 6, 7 are secured in the stile and rail in the usual way. A pin 8 passes diagonally from the top of the stile through ,one

edge of the dowel 6 and through the opposite edgeof dowel 7. rIhis pin 8 has a double inclination, see Fig. 6. A secondpin 9 may be used in the rail, being inclined.

lthe tenon or dowels from .the stile.

transversely. These ins 8, 9 may each have eitherfa -single or dibuble inclination, and mayv mclme from the joining edge of the st11e outwa'rdly, or the reverse,asl indicated in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 8 is shownanother arrangement in which pins l0 and l1 ,passvdla yonall ,through b oth thestilef and the rai'eac pin engaging the Isame side of both dowel pins' 6, 7.

tFigs. 9 and 10 show vertical'fasten'ing pins 12, 13, 14 which pass directly through the dowel pins 6, 7.

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to pass a pin downward through a tenon, but 1n this particular construction,

if a tenon is made thick enough not to be weakened by the passage through it of a pm ofsulicient size a comparatively thin layer of wood is left on each side of the tenon and the stile is weakened. By the use of dowel pins, in contradistinction to the use of a tenon, the dowels may be made of sufficient size to permit the vertical pins to pass through them while Vthey do not themselves occupy so much space in the stile as to weaken it.

It will be noted that inallof the constructions shown, the upper ends of the pins are the only portions of the fasteningdevices which appear .on the surface of the door. It is the practice to use the edge grain of the wood for Stiles and rails, and the arrangement of the pins, such as 5, Figs. l and V8, Fig. 6, serves to lock these layers of grain together by crossing from side to side of the stile; while at the same time they oi'er suiiicient resistance to the withdrawing of The construction is obviously applicable whether the doors be solid or of veneer construction. It will further be noted that the inclined fastening pins, in those forms of the arrangement in which they engage the spaced dowel pins, pass through a substantial body of wood between the dowel'pins and are themselves firmly anchored to oppose any withdrawal of the dowels and to resist any separation, due to splitting, of the portion of the stile through which these pins pass.

, What I claim is 1,. A door comprising a stile and a rail having' an interengaging connection, and a fastening pin having a double inclination extending downwardly into the stile from the-top into engagement with and beyond said connection, said pins being of suiiicient length to extend substantially across the upper portion of the stile from front to back as well as across the transverse median vertical plane of the stile, lwhereby splitting of the stile is obviated. v 2. A. door comprising a stile and a rail, dowel pins spaced above each other and secured in the stile and rail, and a fastening pin extending downwardly into the stile from the top and engaging one of said dowels on one side and the other dowel 011 the opposite side, said pin being of suiiicient length to extend substantially across the upper interior portion of the stile from front to back.

3. A door comprising a stile' and a rail,

dowel pins spaced above'each other and se* cured in the stile and rail, and a fastening pin extending downwardly into the lstile from the top and engaging each of said dowel pins, one on one side and theother on the op osite side, said pin -being inclined to both tie vertical and horizontal planes and ofl sufficient length to extend substantially across the transverse median vertical plane of the stile. l

In testimony whereof I- afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH A. GABEL.

Witnesses WALLACE MCPHERSON, U. E. HARMON.. 

